A traditional IRA is a tax-deferred investment
account that acts as a personal retirement fund for people with
employment income. Contributions may be tax-deductible depending
on your adjusted gross income and participation in an employer-sponsored
retirement plan. Earnings can grow tax-deferred until withdrawal,
thus giving your investments the opportunity to compound faster.
At withdrawal, any amounts that have not already been taxed are
taxed as ordinary income.
Eligibility
You can open a traditional IRA if you earn income from wages or
salary of at least $2000 and you're under the age of 70 1/2.
Contributions
Your maximum IRA contribution per year can be $4,000 or 100% of
earned income, whichever is less. Please note your contributions
to all IRAs cannot exceed $4,000
Individuals over the age of
50 may be eligible for a $500 annual "catch-up" contribution.
Deductibility
Your contributions are fully tax-deductible if you are:
- Single and don't participate in your employer's
retirement plan OR you do participate and your Adjusted Gross
Income (AGI) is $45,000 or under.
- Married, but neither spouse participates in
an employer's retirement plan, OR you do participate and your
Adjusted Gross Income is $65,000 or under. (If you are married
and only one of you is an active participant in an employer's
retirement plan, and joint AGI is less than $70,000, each can
deduct up to $5,000. However, if you are married and only one
of you is an active participant in an employer-sponsored retirement
plan, and your joint agi is less than $150,000 , then the other
spouse can deduct a maximum of $3000 in 2004 and $3500 in 2005)
If the spouse is 50 or older, the deductable amount rises to
$4000 in 2004 and $4500 in 2005.
If you do participate in your employers plan:
Your contributions are fully
tax-deductible if you are:
- Single and your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI)
is less than $45,000.
- Married and, filing jointly, your Adjusted Gross
Income is less than $65,000.
Your contributions are partially
tax-deductible if you are:
- Single and your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI)
is less than $55,000.
- Married and, filing jointly, your Adjusted Gross
Income is less than $75,000.
Your contributions are NOT tax-deductible if you are:
- Single, participate in your employer's retirement
plan, and your AGI is more than $55,000
- Married, participate in your employer's retirement
plan, and filing jointly your combined income is more than $75,000
All of these numbers are generalizations for informational purposes
only. For more detailed information, consult IRS form 590
at:
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p590.pdf
Tax Benefits
- Your contributions grow tax-deferred over
the life of your account
- Up-front tax savings if your contributions
are tax-deductible.
- Upon death, beneficiary's payouts are
taxed based on the beneficiary's tax situation.
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Withdrawals
You MUST begin taking money from your account at age 70 1/2. Withdrawals
are taxable as ordinary income.
You MAY begin penalty-free
withdrawals at age 59 1/2. After you are this age, withdrawals
are subject to the following tax treatment:
For pre-tax contributions:
Both the contributions and the investment earnings are treated
as income. For after-tax contributions: The contributions are
treated as a nontaxable return of capital, but all investment
earnings are treated as income.
The IRA has penalties for withdrawal before age 59 1/2 (early
withdrawals). You will owe both the tax due and a 10% early withdrawal
penalty on the taxable portion of the withdrawal. There are some
EXCEPTIONS to this 10% early withdrawal penalty:
- You can make penalty-free withdrawals of up
to $10,000 for first-time home purchases.
- Disability (as defined by the IRS)
- Death
- Payments for medical insurance for yourself,
your spouse, and your
dependents.
- Payments for unreimbursed medical expenses that
are more than 7 1/2% of your adjusted gross income
- Withdrawals for qualified higher education
costs (for yourself, your spouse, children, or grandchildren
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